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伊屈窮徨慕 卦指云慕朕村 紗秘慕禰 厘議慕尺 厘議慕禰 TXT畠云和墮 〆辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂〇

historical lectures and essays(臥櫛帽署帽旋煽雰讐恙)-及26何蛍

酔楯荷恬: 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ○ 賜 ★ 辛酔堀貧和鍬匈 梓囚徒貧議 Enter 囚辛指欺云慕朕村匈 梓囚徒貧圭�鮗� ● 辛指欺云匈競何! 泌惚云慕短嗤堋響頼���誅卒亮茂�俊彭堋響��辛聞喘貧圭 "辺茄欺厘議箝誓匂" 孔嬬 才 "紗秘慕禰" 孔嬬��



wanted to buy him of the king�察�and then�察�of course�察�burn him�察�as he had 

just burnt five poor souls�察�so�察�knowing James's avarice�察�he fled to England�察�

through freebooters and pestilence。 

     There  he  found�察�he   says�察  �men   of   both   factions being   burned   on   the 

same   day   and   in   the   same   fire;a   pardonable   exaggeration;by   Henry 

VIII。�察�in his old age more intent on his own safety than on the purity of 

religion。;     So   to   his   beloved   France   he   went   again�察  �to   find   his   enemy 

Beaten ambassador at Paris。            The capital was too hot to hold him�察�and he 

fled south to Bordeaux�察�to Andrea Govea�察�the Portuguese principal of the 

College   of   Guienne。       As   Professor   of   Latin   at   Bordeaux�察  �we   find   him 

presenting a Latin poem to Charles V。�察�and indulging that fancy of his for 

Latin poetry which seems to us nowadays a childish pedantry�察�which was 

thenwhen Latin was the vernacular tongue of all scholarsa serious�察�if 

not altogether a useful�察�pursuit。         Of his tragedies�察�so famous in their day 

the   ;Baptist�察─  �the   ;Medea�察─  �the   ;Jephtha�察─  �and       the   ;Alcestis;there   is 

neither space nor need to speak here�察�save to notice the bold declamations 

in   the   ;Baptist;   against   tyranny   and   priestcraft�察  �and   to   notice   also   that 



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these   tragedies   gained   for   the   poor   Scotsman�察  �in   the   eyes   of   the   best 

scholars of   Europe�察 �a credit   amounting   almost to   veneration。                When   he 

returned      to   Paris�察  �he   found     occupation      at  once�察    �and�察  �as   his   Scots 

biographers love   to   record�察  �three   of   the   most   learned   men   in   the   world 

taught     humanity      in  the   same    college�察─    �viz。   Turnebus�察      �Muretus�察    �and 

Buchanan。 

     Then   followed   a   strange   episode   in   his   life。    A  university  had   been 

founded at Coimbra�察�in Portugal�察�and Andrea Govea had been invited to 

bring   thither   what   French   savants   he   could   collect。       Buchanan   went   to 

Portugal      with   his   brother    Patrick�察  �two    more    Scotsmen�察     �Dempster      and 

Ramsay�察  �and   a   goodly   pany   of   French   scholars�察  �whose   names   and 

histories   may   be   read   in   the   erudite   pages   of   Dr。   Irving�察  �went   likewise。 

All prospered in the new Temple of the Muses for a year or so。                        Then its 

high´priest�察�Govea�察�died�察�and�察�by a peripeteia too mon in those days 

and countries�察�Buchanan and two of his friends migrated unwillingly from 

the Temple of the Muses for that of Moloch�察�and found themselves in the 

Inquisition。 

     Buchanan�察       �it  seems�察   �had   said   that   St。  Augustine       was   more     of  a 

Lutheran than a Catholic on the question of the mass。                    He and his friends 

had   eaten   flesh   in   Lent�察  �which�察  �he   says�察  �almost   everyone   in   Spain   did。 

But   he   was   suspected�察  �and   with   reason�察  �as   a   heretic�察  �the   Gray   Friars 

formed   but   one   brotherhood   throughout   Europe�察  �and   news   among   them 

travelled surely if not fast�察�so that the story of the satire written in Scotland 

had reached Portugal。           The culprits were imprisoned�察�examined�察�bullied 

but not torturedfor a year and a half。             At the end of that time�察�the proofs 

of heresy�察�it seems�察�were insufficient�察�but lest�察�says Buchanan with honest 

pride�察 �they  should get the reputation of having vainly tormented   a  man 

not altogether unknown�察─�they sent him for some months to a monastery�察�

to   be   instructed     by   the   monks。      ;The     men�察─   �he   says�察   �were     neither 

inhuman nor bad�察�but utterly ignorant of religion�察─�and Buchanan solaced 

himself  during   the  intervals   of   their  instructions�察 �by  beginning   his   Latin 

translation of the Psalms。 



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     At last he got free�察�and begged leave to return to France�察�but in vain。 

And   so�察  �wearied   out�察  �he   got   on   board   a   Candian   ship   at   Lisbon�察  �and 

escaped to England。          But England�察�he says�察�during the anarchy of Edward 

VI。's reign�察�was not a land which suited him�察�and he returned to France�察�to 

fulfil   the   hopes   which   he   had   expressed   in   his   charming   ;Desiderium 

Lutitiae�察─�and the still more charming�察�because more simple�察 �Adventus in 

Galliam�察─  �in   which   he   bids   farewell�察  �in   most   melodious   verse�察  �to   ;the 

hungry   moors   of   wretched   Portugal�察  �and   her   clods   fertile   in   naught   but 

penury。; 

     Some seven years succeeded of schoolmastering and verse´writing�此�the 

Latin paraphrase of the Psalms�察�another of the ;Alcestis; of Euripides�察�an 

Epithalamium   on   the   marriage   of   poor   Mary   Stuart�察  �noble   and   sincere�察�

however fantastic and pedantic�察�after   the manner of the times�察   �Pomps�察─�

too�察  �for   her   wedding�察  �and   for   other   public   ceremonies�察  �in   which   all   the 

heathen gods and goddesses figure�察�epigrams�察�panegyrics�察�satires�察�much of 

which latter productions he would have consigned to the dust´heap in his 

old age�察�had not his too fond friends persuaded him to republish the follies 

and   coarsenesses   of   his   youth。      He   was   now   one   of   the   most   famous 

scholars   in   Europe�察  �and   the   intimate   friend   of   all the   great literary   men。 

Was he to go on to the end�察�die�察�and no more�拭                   �Was he to sink into the 

mere pedant�察�or�察�if he could not do that�察�into the mere court versifier�拭�

     The wars of religion saved him�察�as they saved many another noble soul�察�

from that degradation。          The events of 1560´62 forced Buchanan�察�as they 

forced many a learned man besides�察�to choose whether he would be a child 

of light or a child of darkness�察�whether he would be a dilettante classicist�察�

or a preacherit might be a martyrof the Gospel。                  Buchanan may have 

left France in ;The Troubles; merely to enjoy in his own country elegant 

and learned repose。         He may have fancied that he had found it�察�when he 

saw     himself�察   �in   spite   of   his  public    profession      of  adherence      to   the 

Reformed   Kirk�察  �reading   Livy   every   afternoon   with   his   exquisite   young 

sovereign�察     �master�察   �by   her   favour�察  �of   the  temporalities      of  Crossraguel 

Abbey�察�and by the favour of Murray�察�Principal of St。 Leonard's College in 



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St。 Andrew's。 Perhaps he fancied at times that ;to´morrow was to be as to´ 

day�察�and much more abundant�察─�that thenceforth he might read his folio�察�

and write his epigram�察�and joke his joke�察�as a lazy fortable pluralist�察�

taking his morning stroll out to the corner where poor Wishart had been 

burned�察 �above   the blue   sea   and the   yellow  sands�察  �and   looking   up   to  the 

castle tower from whence his enemy Beaton's corpse had been hung out�察�

with    the  fortable     reflection   that   quieter   times   had   e�察  �and   that 

whatever evil deeds Archbishop Hamilton might dare�察�he would not dare 

to put the Principal of St。 Leonard's into the ;bottle dungeon。; 

     If   such    hopes     ever   crossed     Geordie's     keen    fancy�察  �they    were 

disappointed suddenly and fearfully。            The fire which had been kindled in 

France   was   to   reach   to   Scotland   likewise。    ;Revolutions   are   not   made 

with    rose´water�察─   �and   the   time   was   at  hand   when    all  good   spirits  in 

Scotland�察�and George Buchanan among them�察�had to choose�察�once and for 

all�察  �amid   danger�察  �confusion�察    �terror�察 �whether    they   would    serve   God   or 

Mammon�察�for to serve both would be soon impossible。 

     Which side�察�in that war of light and darkness�察�George Buchanan took�察�

is notorious。     He saw then�察�as others have seen since�察�that the two men in 

Scotland who were capable of being her captains in the strife were Knox 

and Murray�察�and to them he gave in his allegiance heart and soul。 

     This is the critical epoch in Buchanan's life。          By his conduct to Queen 

Mary he must stand or fall。          It is my belief that he will stand。         It is not 

my intention to enter into the details of a matter so painful�察�so shocking�察�so 

prodigious�察�and now that that question is finally set at rest�察�by the writings 

both of Mr。 Froude and Mr。 Burton�察�there is no need to allude to it further�察�

save   where   Buchanan's   name   is   concerned。        One   may   now   have   every 

sympathy with Mary Stuart�察�one may regard with awe a figure so stately�察�

so tragic�察�in one sense so heroic��for she reminds one rather of the heroine 

of an old Greek tragedy�察�swept to her doom by some irresistible fate�察�than 

of a being of our own flesh and blood�察�and of our modern and Christian 

times。    One may sympathise with the great womanhood which charmed 

so many while she was alive�察�which has charmed�察�in later years�察�so many 



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noble spirits who have believed in her innocence�察�and have doubtless been 

elevated   and   purified   by   their   devotion   to   one   who   seemed   to   them   an 

ideal being。      So far from regarding her as a hateful personage�察�one may 

feel oneself forbidden to hate a woman whom God may have loved�察�and 

may   have   pardoned�察  �to   judge   from   the   punishment   so   swift�察  �and   yet   so 

enduring�察�which He inflicted。           At least�察�he must so believe who holds that 

punishment   is   a   sign   of   mercy�察  �that   the   most   dreadful   of   all   dooms   is 

impunity。 Nay�察�more�察�those ;Casket; letters and sonnets may be a relief to 

the mind of one who believes in her guilt on other grounds�察�a relief when 

one finds in them a tenderness�察�a sweetness�察�a delicacy�察�a magnificent self´ 

sacrifice�察  �however   hideously   misplaced�察  �which   shows   what   a   womanly 

heart   was there�察  �a heart   which�察 �joined   to   that queenly  brain�察 �might   have 

made her a blessing and a glory to Scotland�察�had not the whole character 

been warped and ruinate from childhood�察�by an education so abominable�察�

that anyone who knows what words she must have heard�察�what scenes she 

must   have   beheld   in   France�察  �from   her   youth   up�察  �will   wonder   that   she 

sinned so little�此�not that she sinne
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